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Time Series Chart

Generally used to display the trend changes of data at equal time intervals, and can also be used to analyze the effects and influences between multiple sets of metric data.

Chart types include:

  • Line Chart (default selected)
  • Bar Chart
  • Area Chart

Use Cases

  • View the trend changes of application performance metrics within a certain time range, such as the trend of "request count" in the last 15 minutes;
  • View the trend changes of user access metrics within a certain time range, such as the occurrence of "error count" in different time ranges;
  • View similar trend metrics within a fixed time range;
  • View related events triggered when data fluctuations are abnormal.

Chart Query

Supports Simple Query, Expression Query, DQL Query, Promql Query, and Data Source Query. Each query preset has 5 result quantities, including 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, with a default return of 20 data points; it can also be manually entered, with a maximum of 100 data points.

For more detailed explanations of chart query conditions, refer to Chart Query.

Chart Configuration

For more details, refer to Chart Configuration.

Style

Line Chart

Four styles are available: Linear, Smooth, Step Before, Step After.

Area Chart

Two styles are available:

  • Basic: Intuitively displays the trends of each data series, making it easy to observe the changes of a single data series.
  • Stacked: Suitable for multiple data series, each data series is stacked sequentially, with the starting point of each series based on the end point of the previous series, making it easy to observe the cumulative effect of the overall data.

Breakpoint Connection

Considering that in time series charts, time points are automatically connected. If data for a certain time point is missing, a breakpoint will appear in the chart. By default, the system will automatically connect the data before and after the breakpoint. By setting Breakpoint Connection, judgment errors for breakpoint data can be avoided.

Display Return Value

Applicable to Time Series Chart > Bar Chart.

When enabled, specific values will be displayed above the bar chart. Only the values are displayed here, without units; if the number of decimal places is set to 0, 1, 2, or 3 in Basic Settings > Data Format, it will follow the set number of decimal places; if the number of decimal places is set to "Full Precision", it will default to two decimal places; the display of thousand separators will also follow this setting.

Time Interval

The calculation interval (interval) for chart query data.

For example, if the time interval cannot be switched:

When enabled, the query will be dynamically adjusted based on the selected time range and aggregation time interval, rounding up the calculation time interval to the nearest whole number.

At this point, the available time intervals will be listed based on the maximum number of points you entered:

Note

When there is a metric query, the smallest interval listed is fixed at interval = 10s.

Execute the query according to the selected interval. When it conflicts with "Maximum Return Points", it will prioritize adjusting interval based on "Time Range/Maximum Points"; includes 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days.

Time Interval Logic Supplementary Explanation

The system has built-in 18 common time interval options, including:

  • 10ms, 50ms, 100ms, 500ms
  • 1s, 10s, 20s, 30s
  • 1m, 5m, 10m, 30m
  • 1h, 6h, 12h
  • 1d, 7d, 30d

When setting up the chart, the system will automatically recommend suitable time interval options based on the "Maximum Return Points" set in the chart > Advanced Configuration. If not set, the "Maximum Return Points" defaults to 720.

For example, if you query the last 3 hours of data:

If you select interval=10s, it will generate 1,080 data points, exceeding the default limit of 720 points, so it does not meet the requirements; If you select interval=20s, there will only be 540 data points, which meets the requirements, and the system will automatically select this time interval for you.

Note

If your chart queries metric data (metric), the minimum time interval is 10s.

Maximum Return Points

The maximum number of data points per series, which can be any integer between 2-1,000. If not customized, the default maximum number of points is 720.

Note
  • Based on the selected time interval, if the query range is too large and exceeds the maximum number of points, the interval will be calculated based on the maximum number of points and rounded to return data;
  • If the query returns too many results, the system will only display the first 1,000 data points.

Mixed Line Chart

Only supports Bar Chart.

YoY and MoM

Compare with data from the same time period previously. Default is off.

Comparison Dimensions

When enabled, the comparison dimensions support the following options:

  • Hour (compare with one hour ago)
  • Day (compare with one day ago)
  • Week (compare with one week ago)
  • Month (compare with one month ago)
  • MoM

Comparison Logic

  • Default Query Line Chart: Drawn based on the selected Start Time - End Time.

  • YoY Comparison Line Chart: Drawn based on the selected comparison dimension, pushing forward the same time range.

Example

Taking the CPU usage trend of Host A as an example:

  • Comparison Dimension "Hour":

    • Query "Last 1 Hour" (3/2 10:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/2 09:00 - 3/2 10:00).
    • Query "Today" (3/2 00:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 23:00 - 3/2 10:00).

  • Comparison Dimension "Day":

    • Query "Last 1 Hour" (3/2 10:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 10:00 - 3/1 11:00).
    • Query "Today" (3/2 00:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 00:00 - 3/1 11:00).

Chart Analysis

The time series chart is a two-dimensional chart indexed by time sequence, with the horizontal axis as the time scale and the vertical axis as the data scale. Based on the selected time range, the time series chart will plot the trend changes of the object data within that time period.

Note

A time series chart query statement can return a maximum of 10 time series, i.e., based on the grouping (group by) conditions, data with more than 10 time series will only display the first 10 time series in order.

Timeline

At the same time, in analysis mode, TrueWatch provides a timeline function, allowing you not only to preview the interactive changes of object data and time through the timeline below the chart, but also to drag and select the display time range. The timeline range is based on the selected time range as the query cycle, fixed forward three query cycles, and fixed backward up to one query cycle (up to the current time point).

For example: If the current time point is 11:33 and the time range is selected as [Last 1 Hour], then the timeline range is [10:33 - 11:33].

Similar Trend Metrics

In the analysis mode of the time series chart, selecting the trend line/bar of the time series chart allows you to view similar trend metrics.

Viewing similar trend metrics uses the time range you selected as the absolute time to query similar metric trends within the space. You can:

  • On the time series chart, click the chart and drag the mouse to select the search time range;
  • Click the "button" to search for similar trend results;
  • Click the query results to enter the "Similar Trend Metrics" details page.

Similar Trend Results

Based on the selected absolute time range, the query result list includes:

  • Source: Measurement with similar trends;
  • Similar Count: The number of charts with similar trends under the corresponding "Measurement";
  • Preview: Preview image of similar trend charts.

Note

  • When querying similar intervals, the currently selected time range is defaulted to [absolute time], and will not change due to any external effects or observer changes. If you need to change the time range, you need to readjust the time range;

  • After entering the similar intervals page, clicking and dragging the rectangle can adjust the search time range. If an area has already been selected, you can still move or adjust the selected time range;

  • After dragging to a new time range, you need to confirm/cancel the change of time range.