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Time Series Chart

Generally used to display the trend changes of data at equal time intervals, and can also be used to analyze the interaction and impact between multiple sets of Metrics data.

Chart types include:

  • Line chart (default selected)
  • Bar chart
  • Area chart

Use Cases

  • View the trend changes of application performance Metrics data within a certain time range, such as the trend changes of "request count" in the last 15 minutes.
  • View the trend changes of user access Metrics data within a certain time range, such as the occurrence of "error count" in different time ranges.
  • View similar trend Metrics within a fixed time range.
  • View related events triggered by abnormal data fluctuations.

Chart Query

Supports five query methods:

  • Simple query
  • Expression query
  • DQL query
  • Promql query
  • Data source query

Each query preset 5 result quantities, including 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, defaulting to 20 data entries; it can also be manually entered, with a maximum of 100 data entries.

For more detailed explanations of chart query conditions, refer to Chart Query.

Chart Configuration

For more details, refer to Chart Configuration.

Style

Line Chart

Four styles are available:

  • Linear
  • Smooth
  • Front step
  • Back step

Area Chart

Two styles are available:

  • Basic: Intuitively displays the trend of each data series, making it easy to observe the changes of a single data series.
  • Stacked: Suitable for multiple data series, each data series is stacked sequentially, with the starting point of each series based on the end point of the previous series, making it easy to observe the cumulative effect of the overall data.

Breakpoint Connection

In a time series chart, time points are automatically connected. If data for a certain time point is empty, a breakpoint will appear in the chart. By default, the system automatically connects the data before and after the breakpoint. By setting Breakpoint Connection, judgment errors for breakpoint data can be avoided.

Display Return Value

Applicable to Time Series Chart > Bar Chart.

When enabled, specific values will be displayed above the bar chart. Only the value is displayed here, not the unit; if the decimal places are set to 0, 1, 2, or 3 in Basic Settings > Data Format, it will follow the set number of decimal places; if the decimal places are set to "Full Precision", it will default to two decimal places; the display of the thousand separator will also follow this setting.

Time Interval

The calculation interval (interval) for chart query data.

For example, the time interval cannot be switched at this time:

When enabled, the system dynamically adjusts the query based on the selected time range and aggregation time interval, and rounds up the calculated time interval.

At this time, the optional time intervals will be listed based on the maximum number of points you entered:

Execute the query according to the selected interval. When it conflicts with "Maximum Return Points", it will prioritize adjusting interval based on "Time Range / Maximum Points"; includes 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days.

Time Interval Logic Supplementary Explanation

The system has 18 built-in commonly used time interval options, including:

  • 10ms, 50ms, 100ms, 500ms
  • 1s, 10s, 20s, 30s
  • 1m, 5m, 10m, 30m
  • 1h, 6h, 12h
  • 1d, 7d, 30d

When setting up the chart, the system will automatically recommend suitable time interval options based on the "Maximum Return Points" configured in the chart > advanced settings. If not set, the "Maximum Return Points" defaults to 720.

For example, if you query the data of the last 3 hours:

  • If you select interval=10s, it will generate 1,080 data points, exceeding the default limit of 720 points, so it does not meet the requirements;
  • If you select interval=20s, there will be only 540 data points, meeting the requirements, and the system will automatically select this time interval for you;
  • If your chart queries Metrics data (metric), the minimum time interval is 10s.

Maximum Return Points

The maximum number of data points per series, which can be any integer between 2-1,000. If not customized, the default maximum limit is 720 points.

Note
  • If the query range exceeds the maximum points, the system will recalculate interval based on the selected time interval and round up the data according to the maximum points;
  • If the query returns too many results, the system will only display the first 1,000 data entries.

Mixed Line Chart

Only supports bar charts.

YoY and MoM

Compare with data from the same time period in the previous cycle. Default display is off.

Comparison Dimensions

When enabled, the comparison dimensions support the following options:

  • Hour (compare with one hour ago)
  • Day (compare with one day ago)
  • Week (compare with one week ago)
  • Month (compare with one month ago)
  • MoM

Comparison Logic

  • Default query line chart: Drawn according to the selected start time - end time.

  • YoY comparison line chart: Drawn according to the selected comparison dimension, pushing forward the same time range.

Example

Take the CPU usage trend of host A as an example:

  • Comparison dimension selected as "Hour":

    • When querying "Last 1 hour" (3/2 10:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/2 09:00 - 3/2 10:00).
    • When querying "Today" (3/2 00:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 23:00 - 3/2 10:00).

  • Comparison dimension selected as "Day":

    • When querying "Last 1 hour" (3/2 10:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 10:00 - 3/1 11:00).
    • When querying "Today" (3/2 00:00 - 3/2 11:00), the comparison time period is (3/1 00:00 - 3/1 11:00).

Chart Analysis

A time series chart is a two-dimensional chart indexed by time order, with the horizontal axis as the time scale and the vertical axis as the data scale. Based on the selected time range, the time series chart will draw the trend changes of the object data within that time period.

In a time series chart, one query statement can return up to 10 Time Series. If the grouping (group by) condition results in more than 10 Time Series, only the first 10 Time Series will be displayed in order.

Timeline

In analysis mode, the timeline function of the time series chart allows you to preview the data changes over time through the timeline below the chart, and drag to select the display time range. The timeline range is based on the selected time range, fixed forward for three query cycles, and backward for up to one query cycle (up to the current time point).

For example, if the current time point is 11:33 and the time range selected is "Last 1 hour", the timeline range is 10:33 - 11:33.

Similar Trend Metrics

"Similar Trend Metrics" refers to other Metrics that have similar trend changes within a certain time range compared to the currently selected Metric.

  1. On the time series chart, click on a data point, then click "View Similar Trend Metrics".
  2. In the new window, select the time range.
  3. Click "Start Search".

When querying, the system will search for similar metric trends within the space based on the selected time range.

Similar Trend Results

Based on the selected absolute time range, the query result list contains the following:

Description
Source The Measurement with similar trends
Similar Count The number of charts with similar trends under the corresponding "Measurement"
Preview Preview of the similar trend chart

For similar trend results, note:

  • When querying a similar interval, the currently selected time range defaults to "Absolute Time" and will not change due to external factors or observer changes. If the time range needs to be changed, it must be adjusted again.
  • After entering the similar interval page, you can adjust the search time range by dragging the rectangle. Even if an area is selected, the time range can still be moved or adjusted.
  • After dragging to a new time range, confirm or cancel the changes.